Basic Technology of Power System Dispatching Automation

Power system dispatching automation collects real-time information on the operation of the power system through the remote terminal (RTU) installed in each power plant and substation, and transmits it to the dispatching master station (MS) via the communication channel. Perform safety analysis, load forecasting, automatic power generation control, etc. on the operating conditions of the power system. When the system fails and the relay protection device automatically cuts off the faulty line, the telecontrol terminal transmits the operation status of the collected relay protection and circuit breaker to the dispatching master station. Dispatchers can analyze the cause of failures after taking comprehensive information and take corresponding measures to restore power to the grid. Therefore, power system dispatch automation must monitor and control tens of thousands of devices such as engines, transformers, buses, and transmission lines in power plants and substations in the power system in real time. It covers a vast geographical area, and the distance between the main station and the remote terminal can reach thousands of kilometers.

  The basic function of power system dispatch automation is real-time data acquisition and monitoring (SCADA). On this basis, the computer system can realize functions such as security analysis and security control, dispatch management and plan management, and thus form an energy management system.

Power system dispatching automation adopts closed-loop control. Due to the complexity of the power system itself, someone (dispatcher) must also participate, thereby forming a complete, complex, and coupled human-machine-environment system. According to its functions, the power dispatching automation system can be divided into the following four subsystems: the information collection command execution subsystem, the information transmission subsystem, the information collection, processing, and control subsystem, and the human-machine communication subsystem.